Persia and the Caucasus · Volume 12, The South Caucasus and the Disputed Table
Ghapama
Armenia

An illustration of the dish, not a photograph of it cooked.
- Time
- 1 hour 30
- Researched
- 8 sources cited
- Reviewed
- Not yet reviewed from inside the tradition
- Cooked
- Not yet cooked and reported
A medium pumpkin is hollowed, its top cut as a lid, and filled with cooked rice, dried fruit, nuts, sugar and cinnamon, then baked with the lid on. One Armenian source connects the name to "khapan," an old word for church holidays on which work was suspended, Easter and New Year among them, "khapanan," a holiday dish, said to have corrupted over time into "ghapama"; this etymology is not independently verified beyond that one source and should be treated as a plausible in-tradition claim rather than settled fact.
As tradition built it
Serves 6 to 8. About 1.5 hours.
Ingredients
- 1 medium pumpkin
- 1 cup rice, cooked
- 1 cup dried fruit, apricot, raisin, chopped apple
- 1 cup walnuts or pine nuts
- 2 tbsp oil or butter
- to taste cinnamon
- to taste allspice
- to taste salt
Method
- Cut the top from the pumpkin as a lid, scoop out the seeds and fibre.
- Combine the cooked rice, dried fruit, walnuts or pine nuts, oil, cinnamon, allspice and salt.
- Fill the pumpkin with the mixture, replace the lid.
- Bake until the pumpkin flesh is fully tender and the filling is hot through, checking by piercing the flesh near the base.
- Serve whole, scooping flesh and filling together at the table.
Notes
The ratio above is genuinely usable, an indicative guide from an in-tradition source rather than a precisely tested professional recipe.
What a modern chef changes
The spice ground fresh, and the pumpkin's own moisture managed rather than assumed.
Rung 3
Method
- Grind the cinnamon and allspice fresh in the dedicated spice grinder, extending the same fenugreek-grinding logic from Rung 3 to this dish's aromatics, a real, testable difference in something this simply spiced.
- Drain any excess liquid the pumpkin releases as it bakes before serving, rather than letting the filling turn soupy; a small ladle taken from the base part way through the bake keeps the rice from over-softening.
- Toast the nuts separately before folding them through the filling, for a texture contrast the raw-nut version lacks.